The first indication as to the presence of Freemasonry in Launceston is to be found in the records of the Provincial Grand Lodge of Cornwall form 1765 when it was ordered that a letter be sent to the Brethren assembling at Launceston acquainting them that if they did not petition for a constitution, they would be represented forthwith to the Grand Lodge as being quite illegal. The non-regular Lodge had almost certainly been at work for some years before 1765, probably under the name of “Modern and Regular “.
In December 1767, no doubt as a direct result of this ultimatum, 'The Cornubian Lodge was warranted by the Grand Lodge Of the” Moderns ", His Grace the Duke of Beaufort being the Grand Master. This Lodge first bore the number 410, becoming No. 345 in 1770 and No. 268 in 1780. It was erased as No. 268 in the year 1783. The number was then given to the Lodge of Contentment, Plymouth Dock. This Lodge had the same fate and suffered erasure in 1786.
From the scanty records now available, it is quite obvious that during its life of at least eighteen years, this Lodge met at the old Devonport & Exeter Inn in Exeter Street, Launceston. It is interesting to note that this establishment is still part of modern Launceston, albeit under the sign of the Newmarket. It must be remembered that, from 1757 until about 1820, Launceston was a parole Town for French Officers who were prisoners in this country during the Seven Years' and Napoleonic Wars. It was during this period that the nearby Prison at Princetown on Dartmoor was built to house the other ranks and those officers who refused to give their parole.
During these Wars French Officers are known to have founded Lodges in several ports of Britain, where they practised Freemasonry under the "Grand Orient Rite Francolse du Moderne” Launceston was, however, the only place in Cornwall which had such a Lodge. There are definite proofs of the existence of this Lodge and there is still preserved a Certificate bearing the date of 1757 which could well be the date of the formation of " Modern and Regular". This Certificate bears the signatures of Francis Rodd of Trebartha and John Molesworth of Tetcott. two local squires. The document is written in French. There is also in existence a certificate issued in 1802 to one Robert Marlin, who was then the organist of St. Mary Magdalene's Church in Launceston. Part of this certificate is written in English. Until a few years ago this certificate was known to be in a collection of Masonic documents at Leicester.
In view of the fact that the Lodge number 268 was erased in 1783, it seems that there can be no doubt that it was to the French Lodge that this certificate in 1802 related. The late W.Bro. A. K. Lee, who was secretary of Dunheved Lodge for many years, was keenly interested in Masonic history, and secured much information concerning early Freemasonry in Launceston. He discovered that some of the French prisoners of war bore names which are well known in Launceston and its surrounding district today. Among these are Barriball, Baskerville, Benoy, Burgoyne, Cater and Prideaux.
There was an attempt to revive English Freemasonry in Launceston in the year 1808. and the leader of this movement was a Bro. Dr. John Cudlipp. A letter from W.Bro. John Knight to him which is copied in the minute book of the Druids' Royal Arch Chapter at Redruth, shows that the Brethren at Launceston were endeavouring to purchase the warrant of a lapsed Lodge.
The reason for this was that an Act of Parliament, the 39th Geo IIl Chap. 79 enacted for the suppression of Societies established for treasonable and seditious purposes, contained a Clause (Sec. 5) in favour of Masons meeting under a warrant from Grand Lodge prior to the passing of the Act. But it was understood. however, that no new Lodge could be constituted while the Act was in force. The Launceston Brethren were not alone in their quest, for At the same time (1808) certain Brethren in the town of Truro were also seeking a redundant warrant. They were successful, and, on 11th April 1810, obtained the warrant of No. 548 which had lapsed and to which the new No. 620 was assigned. This Lodge is now No. 331 Phoenix Lodge of Honour & Prudence [Now based in Perranporth] On 4th July, 1810, another letter from W.Bro. John Knight to Bro. Dr. John Cudlipp shows that the Launceston brethren had not ceased in their endeavour: for, with that letter, a Form of Petition was enclosed for completion. For a second time, however, the hoped-for Warrant was obtained by another Lodge, this time the present Mount Sinai Lodge No. 121 Penzance.
After this second disappointment our ancient Brethren seem to have lost heart. Although, when the Truro Lodge was consecrated at the P.G.L. held in Truro on 12th June, 181 0, It was announced that a lodge was likely to be consecrated at Launceston. No further activity can be traced until the formation of Dunheved No. 1091 in 1859-60. It is probable, nevertheless, that a non-regular lodge met in the town for some years after 1810. Prior to the formation of Lodge Dunheved, it’s evident that most local Freemasons were members of Loyal Victoria Lodge at Callington, which was formed about thirty years prior to that of Dunheved. It was, of course, the nearest lodge to Launceston. All but one of the founder members of Dunheved were members of
Loyal Victoria though Loyal Victoria does not appear actually to have sponsored Dunheved Lodge.
Traces also remain of operative masons in Launceston. These may be found in particular at the Priory ruins near the church of St. Thomas, at the Southgate Arch. and upon other ancient stonework in the vicinity of the town.